Siyakwamukela futhi, bafundi, ku Kususelwa kuNovel By, uchungechunge lwethu olunikezelwe kubabhali imisebenzi yabo ikhuthaze amanye amafilimu ama-horror akhumbulekayo futhi asabekayo. Kuleli sonto, sigxila ekugxileni kwethu The Birds nguDaphne du Maurier, umbhali onomsebenzi owakhuthaza u-Alfred Hitchcock amahlandla amathathu emsebenzini wakhe omude nohloniphekile.

Njengenjwayelo, ngiyathanda ukuzwa imicabango yakho ekuphawuleni kwalezi zihloko. Uma unenoveli oyithandayo eyaba yi-movie ethusayo, sicela usazise. Mhlawumbe bazoboniswa ekukhanyeni okuzayo!

Okwamanje, ake siye ebhizinisini le- The Birds nombhali oyibhalile.

Wayengubani uDaphne du Maurier?

UDaphne du Maurier wazalelwa eNgilandi ngonyaka we-1907. Ubaba wakhe, uSir Gerald du Maurier, wayengumlingisi nomphathi kanti umama wakhe, uMuriel Beaumont, wayengumlingisi. Umkhulu wakhe wayengumlobi nodumile wekhathuni uGeorge du Maurier. Uhlale impilo yakhe yonke eCornwall ebisebenza njengesizinda samanoveli nezindaba zakhe eziningi. Ubengasho ukuthi, wasizwa ekwenzeni imisebenzi yakhe yokugunyazwa ukuxhumana komndeni wakhe.

Umbhali ushicilele inoveli yakhe yokuqala, Umoya Wothando, ngo-1931. Ngonyaka olandelayo washada noMajor Frederick “Boy” Browning, indoda yezempi kwesinye isikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi ungubaba wamabutho aseBrithani asemoyeni. Lo mbhangqwana uzoba nezingane ezintathu.

Imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala ayitholanga ukunakwa okukhulu, kepha kwathi ngo-1936, kwashicilelwa u-du Maurier IJamaica Inn, indaba ekhuluma ngeqembu lamadoda angababulali ngenhloso abangela ukuphihlazeka kwemikhumbi ukuze kubulawe abasebenzi futhi bantshontshe impahla yabo. Le noveli yathathelwa u-Alfred Hitchcock, yize bobabili ekugcineni baziqhelelanisa nale filimu ngemuva kokuba inkanyezi yayo, uCharles Laughton, ifune ukuthi kubhalwe kabusha isiphetho esasifanelana naye, icebo lokulahlwa.

Inoveli yakhe elandelayo, Rebecca, iphinde yathathwa nguHitchcock. Le ndaba ithinta iqhawekazi elingagagulwanga negama elishada nomfelokazi ocebile kuphela ukuze lithole ukuthi yena, umphathi wendlu yakhe nefa lakhe bahlushwa yinkumbulo yomkakhe wokuqala. Le noveli futhi ibingeyokuqala eyakhombisa ukuthi umbhali kungenzeka angabi oqondile njengoba umphakathi wawulindele ukuthi abe njalo. Ubuningi bobudlelwano bomgcini wendlu nenkosikazi yakhe yakuqala abuthathi umcabango wokuthi kufundwe njengokuya ocansini ngokwemvelo, kanti uHitchcock wakudlala kakhulu lokhu ekuvumeleni kwakhe ifilimu.

Kwakungemva kokushona kwakhe lapho abangane nabalingani bakhe babekhuluma ngokukhululekile ngobulili buka du Maurier, noma kunjalo. Iningi belimthatha njengelingabesilisa nabesifazane, limxhumanisa nabathandi besifazane abambalwa okubandakanya nomlingisi uGertrude Lawrence.

Umbhali washona ngo-1989 eneminyaka engama-81 eCornwall ekhiqize amanoveli ayi-17, imidlalo emithathu, kanye namaqoqo amaningi ezindatshana.

The Birds ekhasini…

Ngo-1952, umbhali washicilela iqoqo lezindaba ezimfishane elalisesihloko esithi Isihlahla se-Apple obekukhona nendaba esihloko sithi “Izinyoni.”

Indaba le igxile kuNat Hocken, umakadebona empini othathe umsebenzi epulazini ukusiza ukondla umndeni wakhe. Ngelinye ilanga ntambama, ubona umhlambi omkhulu wezinhlanzi zasolwandle uziphatha ngendlela exakile, kodwa uyabhala, asole ushintsho olwalungalindelekile esimweni sezulu ngokuziphatha kwezinyoni. Ngalobo busuku, ikhaya lakhe lihlaselwa yizinyoni, esinye sazo simkhahlela ngesandla.

Ngakusasa ekuseni, utshela abanye bendawo ngokuziphatha okungajwayelekile kwezinyoni, kepha abalaleli, bamklolodela ngokukhathazeka kwakhe. Kodwa-ke, ntambama, izindaba eziningi ziqala ukusakazeka ngokuziphatha okungajwayelekile futhi izindaba ziqala ukubika ukuthi ukuhlaselwa okufanayo okufana nokwenzekile ezungeze iBrithani.

UNat ubheka olwandle abone lokho acabanga ukuthi ekuqaleni ama-whitecaps abone nje ukuthi empeleni ngumhlambi omkhulu wezinhlanzi zasolwandle obonakala elinde ukuthi kuvuke igagasi. Ugijimela ukuyolanda indodakazi yakhe ebhasini lesikole futhi ukwazile ukuncenga umphathi wakhe – onemoto – ukuthi anikeze intombazane imali yokugibela ibuyele ekhaya lapho izophepha khona.

Kusihlwa, i-BBC isimemezele ukuthi bazothula ubusuku baqhubeke nokusakaza ngakusasa ekuseni njengengxenye yesimo esiphuthumayo. UNat uqoqela umkakhe nendodakazi yakhe ekhishini lasekhaya labo lapho badlela khona isidlo sakusihlwa, elalele lokho okuzwakala njengamacebo endiza ngaphezulu.

Ngakusasa ekuseni, ukusakazwa komsakazo akuqhubeki futhi ngokushesha uNat uyabona ukuthi bonke omakhelwane bakhe babulawa ngobusuku obandulelayo behlaselwa yizinyoni.

Indaba iphetha ngokuthi uNat abheme ugwayi, abheke phansi umhlambi ohlaselayo, olungiselelwe okubi kakhulu.

The Birds yaheha ukunakwa kwabafundi, yabethusa, futhi yabakhumbuza ngokuhlasela kwasemoyeni okwakufike phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Umbhali uthi uphefumulelwe ukuthi abhale le ndaba ngesikhathi ebona umlimi ehlaselwa yizinhlanzi zasolwandle eCornwall.

… Nasesikrinini esikhulu

Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, uHitchcock waphinde wabiza u-du Maurier, ephuma empumelelweni ye- Psycho futhi ngifuna iphrojekthi entsha yokufaka uvalo ezinhliziyweni zababukeli bamafilimu yize ezogcina eshintshe okuningi kwezindaba zezindaba, engeza i-angle yothando futhi asuse isenzo esivela eCornwall siye eCalifornia.

Le filimu izosebenza njengokuqala kwesikrini kukaTippi Hedren odlala indawo kaMelanie Daniels okwathi ngemuva kokuzenza isilima ngemuva kokuhlangana noMitch Brenner (Rod Taylor) esitolo sezilwane, wasuka waya eBodega Bay neqoqo lezinyoni zothando kuhloswe njengesipho kudadewabo omncane wale ndoda.

Endleleni eya lapho, uhlaselwa yi-seagull, futhi kungekudala lonke idolobha lolwandle lizithola livinjezelwe njengoba izinyoni zazo zonke izinhlobo nobukhulu ziqala ukuhlasela ngokuphelele.

UTaylor noHedren bajoyinwa ngabalingisi abanethalente okubalwa kubo uSuzanne Pleshette, uJessica Tandy, kanye noVeronica Cartwright osemusha odlala indawo kadadewabo omncane kaMitch, uCathy.

UHitchcock udale indawo engahlali kahle kwifilimu ngesinqumo sokusebenzisa umculo ngokwenzekile kuphela futhi esikhundleni salokho wagcwalisa ithrekhi ngemisindo yemvelo eyakhulisa izingcingo zezinyoni kakhulu lapho zihlasela. Kuyakhungathekisa kwesinye isikhathi ngendlela efanayo nokumemeza kukaMarilyn Burns ekuphatheni kokuphela kwe- I-Texas Chain Saw Massacre, ingena ngaphansi kwesikhumba sombukeli futhi yenze inyama ikhase.

Ngokusho komqondisi, le filimu yayimayelana nemvelo yokulwa nesintu ngokubhujiswa kwayo okwenza ifilimu ibe yisibonelo esihle se-eco-horror kudala ngaphambi kokwehlukaniswa okunjalo kusizinda.

Ngokudabukisayo, emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, okuningi kuye kwembulwa ngesimo sengqondo sikaHitchcock sokukhathazeka ngokweqile ngoHedren ngesikhathi sokuqoshwa kwe The Birds, okushayisana ngandlela thile nokunye okukhanyayo kukwenza ifilimu yohlobo.

UHedren, naye uqobo, uthe lo mphathi wamshaya kaningi. Lezi zinsolo azange zivezwe kuze kube semva kokushona komqondisi, futhi yize abaningi bebeqinisekisa indaba kaHedren kubandakanya nozakwabo uRod Taylor, abanye basola uHedren ngokuqamba amanga futhi babuza ukuthi kungani ezokwenza ifilimu yesibili nomqondisi uma izimangalo zakhe ziyiqiniso .

Ngabe ufundile The Birds? Uyibonile ifilimu? Sazise ukuthi ucabangani kumazwana angezansi!