Mina no-Edgar Allan Poe sibuyela emuva. Cha impela! Ngendlela yangempela, wayeyisethulo sami sokuthuthumela. Ngangifunda ibanga lesihlanu noma lesithupha lapho ngiqala ukuthatha incwadi eyayine- "The Tell-Tale Heart" kuyo. Indaba ingishukumise kakhulu. Ngaxhunywa, futhi kwakungekho ukubuyela emuva!

Kusukela lapho, ngibe namakhophi amaningi emisebenzi yakhe ephelele, kufaka phakathi ikhophi elilodwa eligcwele igazi okuyindaba engashiywa olunye usuku. Namuhla, nokho, usuku lokuzalwa lukaPoe, futhi angikho enye indlela engcono engingacabanga ngayo ukwedlula ukwaba izindaba zakhe eziyi-13 nezinkondlo engingacabanga ukuthi kufanele zifundwe yinoma ngubani nje othola umbhali okokuqala ngqa.

Akunakuphikwa ukuthi akuzona zonke lezi ezithandwa kakhulu, kepha izindaba ezingihlanganyele akunandaba. Bheka, futhi ungazise izintandokazi zakho kumazwana angezansi!

Inkondlo ka-Edgar Allan: Okubalulekile

# 1 “Inhliziyo Yokuxoxa”

Manje leli yiphuzu. Uyangithanda. Izinhlanya azazi lutho. Kepha bekufanele ungibone. Bekufanele ngabe ubonile ukuthi ngenze ngokuhlakanipha kangakanani — ngaphi ukuqapha — ngakubona kusengaphambili — ngalokhu kuzenzisa engangikusebenza.

Njengoba bekuyindaba engiqalele konke, yindaba eqala lolu hlu. Inganekwane kaPoe yokuzibandakanya ngokweqile nokuzizwa unecala kungenye engena ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi idonsele umfundi enganekwaneni yombalisi. Engihlale ngikuthola kuthakazelisa, nokho, ukuthi uPoe akasebenzisi izabizwana noma ezinye izincazelo zomlandisi, kepha abafundi bacabanga njalo ukuthi yindoda.

Kukhona abanye benu njengamanje abaklwebha amakhanda, bacabanga ukuthi, “Cha, ithi umbalisi yindoda!” Cha, buyela emuva uyifunde ngesinye isikhathi. Ngicabanga ukuthi uPoe wayazi kahle ukuthi wenzani kulokhu. Le ndaba wayishiyela izingqondo zethu kanye nezengqondo zethu, futhi kujabulisa ukuthi cishe iminyaka eyi-180, abaningi bayifunde ngendlela efanayo.

# 2 "Izinsimbi"

 Kuthule ebusuku,
        Siqhaqhazela kanjani ngokwesaba
  Ngasongo lokuncibilika kwethoni yabo!
        Ngawo wonke umsindo ohambayo
        Ngokugqwala okungaphakathi kwemiphimbo yabo
                 Ingabe ukububula.

Inkondlo kaPoe ka-1845 iyindida emibuthanweni yezincwadi futhi ivame ukuhlaziywa ngenxa yomculo wayo, isigqi, nolimi lwe-onomatopoeic, konke okunenani futhi angisoze ngakususa eminyakeni yokufunda nezifundo zeminyaka.

Kodwa ...

Umsebenzi omningi kaPoe ungene ekujuleni kwengqondo futhi angikwazi ukuzibuza, ngisho nangaphezulu njengomuntu omdala othi kwesinye isikhathi abe nokukhathazeka lapho ezungezwe umsindo omkhulu, uma ngabe bekungekho okunye okuqhubekayo kule nkondlo. Kuthiwa uPoe wabhala le nkondlo ngokususelwa kwimisindo ayizwa ewindini lakhe eliseduze neFordham University. Uma ayezungezwe ubusuku nemini ngalezi zinsimbi ezahlukahlukene ezishayayo, akunakwenzeka yini ukuthi naye wayezizwa ingcindezi yalowo msindo ongapheli?

# 3 "Umfanekiso Oval"

Ngangisitholile isipelingi sesithombe ngendlela enhle yokuphila-yokukhuluma, okwathi ekuqaleni kwamangaza, ekugcineni kwangidida, kwanginqoba futhi kwangimangaza.

Izinganekwane zikaPoe zaziqukethe inqwaba yamadivayisi asabekayo kepha bambalwa ababekhohlisa njengomdwebo oku- “The Oval Portrait,” inganekwane yomdwebi owayezifela ngomsebenzi wakhe kangangokuthi wayephusha zonke ezinye izinto empilweni yakhe, kubandakanya nonkosikazi wakhe omncane, usuku amcela ngalo ukuthi amhlalele isithombe.

Ngokungafani neka-Oscar Wilde Isithombe sikaDorian Grey obuzoshicilelwa eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu kamuva, lo mdwebo awuzange ulondoloze impilo yesihloko sawo. Esikhundleni salokho, nge-brushstroke ngayinye, unkosikazi omncane waphela, wagcina efa lapho umdwebo usuphelile. Inganekwane emfushane, kepha ephumelelayo eqhubeka njengobuciko bokuxoxa izindaba kulabo abagxila ngokujulile emsebenzini wombhali kunezindaba nezinkondlo ezimbalwa ezifundwa kakhulu.

# 4 "Amaqiniso Endabeni KaM. Valdemar"

Yebo; —hhayi; —kade ngangilele — futhi manje — manje — ngifile.

Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-130 ngaphambi kwamafilimu afana UkuQothulwa KwaseCannibal wasilinga ukuthi sikholelwe ukuthi lokho esasikuthola esikrinini, empeleni, kwakungokoqobo, uPoe washicilela i- "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar," ngendlela yokuthi iholele umphakathi ukuthi ukholwe ukuthi le ndaba bekungukulandiswa i-akhawunti eyiqiniso hhayi indaba eqanjiwe.

Indaba ngokungangabazeki iyindida. Udokotela, ehehwa ngumqondo kanye nokwenza kwe-mesmerism aka hypnosis, uqinisekisa umngani wakhe ofayo ukumvumela ukuthi amthinte njengoba ukufa kungenelela ukubona ukuthi le nqubo ingakunqanda yini ukufa. Okulandelayo yindaba esabekayo. Indoda iyafa, kepha ayikwazi ukuqhubeka. Ubanjiwe, usesimeni semmeric, ubhajwe emzimbeni ofile izinyanga eziyisikhombisa, nokwethusa kakhulu abangane nabangane bakhe.

Lapho i-mesmerist ekugcineni ithatha isinqumo sokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuvusa le ndoda, kulapho-ke lapho izinto zethusa khona impela.

# 5 "Ababulali eRue Morgue"

Ukuqondana kwezinto, ngokuvamile, kuyizithiyo ezinkulu kuleso sigaba sabacabangi abafundiswe ukungazi lutho ngombono wamathuba-leyo mbono lapho izinto ezikhazimula kakhulu zocwaningo lwabantu zikweleta umzekeliso okhazimula kunayo yonke .

Kokuningi okwenziwe u-Edgar Allan Poe, okumangaza kakhulu ukuthi unikezwa isikweletu ngokubhala indaba yokuqala yabaseshi yesimanjemanje nge “The Murders in the Rue Morgue,” inganekwane yombulali obonakala engenakwenzeka nomseshi oqonde ukuyixazulula . C. Auguste Dupin, "umphenyi" okukhulunywa ngaye, futhi ungomunye wabalingiswa bakaPee abambalwa abaphindayo abazophinde bavele ku- "The Purloined Letter" naku "The Mystery of Marie Roget."

Engqondweni yami, lokhu kungenye yemisebenzi enesihluku kakhulu kaPoe. Izinga lezimbangi zonyaka noma yini enye umbhali ake wayibhala. Isisulu esisodwa sitholakale sinamathambo amaningi ephukile ngaphansi kwefasitela laso, umphimbo usike kakhulu kangangokuthi ikhanda laso liwa lapho umzimba unyakaziswa. Lona omunye wesifazane uklinywe waze wafa kanti umzimba wakhe ugcwele ushimula.

# 6 "IMasque Yokufa Okubomvu"

Kwakunokuningi okuhle, okuningi kokufunwa, okuningi okuyinqaba, okuthile okwesabekayo, hhayi okuncane kwalokho okungenzeka kwakwenyanya

“IMasque Yokufa Okubomvu” bekulokhu kunezingqondo eziningi zabalandeli bethukile ngonyaka odlule njengoba sibheke phansi ubhadane lweCovid-19, sibuka abangane nomndeni begula. Kwakuyindlela yayo, inganekwane, kepha enye yakhelwe endabeni yomlando, futhi.

INkosana uProspero, ngomzamo wokubalekela isifo esaziwa ngokuthi yiRed Death esihlasela umhlaba, izivalela e-abbey nezinye izicukuthwane. Uthatha isinqumo sokuphonsa ibhola elifihliwe ukujabulisa abangane bakhe. Iphathi yenzeka emakamelweni ayisikhombisa, ngalinye lihlotshiswe ngombala ohlukile. Akazi ukuthi isivakashi esingalindelekile singene soiree yakhe. ISishayo esenziwe samuntu size ukuzobiza futhi kungekudala uProspero nabalingani bakhe, bekholelwe kakhulu ukuthi baphephile ekuqothulweni yilesi sifo ngenxa yengcebo nesimo sabo, bafa ukufa okunegazi.

Kuyindaba ekhathazayo, futhi njengoba ngishilo, leyo esiyibonile ngendlela yethu idlala ezinyangeni ezedlule. Masethembe, kulokhu, ukuthi sifunde isifundo sethu.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRNoFteP3HU

# 7 "Ibhasikidi le-Amontillado"

Ukulimala okuyinkulungwane kweFortunato engangikuthwele ngangokunokwenzeka; kepha lapho ezithuka, ngathembisa ukuziphindisela.

Akekho owabhala ukuziphindiselela njengo-Edgar Allan Poe. Le ndoda ibivele inekhono layo, futhi lokhu, kude kakhulu, kungenye yezindlela zayo ezinhle kakhulu.

Umbhali usibeka ezicathulweni zaseMontresor, indoda eyehliswe, obeke ezinye zezinkinga zakhe zamanje "kumngane" wakhe uFortunato. Ngaphansi kokuzitshela ukuthi ubuza lo mlisa uluvo lwakhe ngebhokisi lewayini umbalisi asanda kulithenga, uyamyengela eziseleni zomndeni lapho eqala khona ukumfaka odongeni ephila, washiya le ndoda yafa kancane kancane kabuhlungu.

Okuthokozisayo ukuthi, yize uMontresor esola uFortunato kaninginingi ngezinhlamba ezahlukahlukene, akakaze ababize ngamagama. Umfundi usala ezibuza ukuthi ngabe lo mlisa wake wakwenza yini okubi eMontresor, noma ngabe wayeyimbuzi nje kuphela yokukhungatheka kukaMontresor. Akunandaba, ukuphela kuyisihluku njengoba uFortunato ememeza ephindelela ethi uMontresor ayeke akwenzayo futhi yena umane ahlekise ukukhala kwakhe kosizo.

# 8 "Igwababa"

Njengamanje umphefumulo wami waqina; ukungabaza ke akusekho,
Mnumzane, ”kusho mina,“ noma Nkosikazi, ngiyaxolisa impela;
Kepha iqiniso ukuthi bengilele, futhi ngobumnene ufike udlwengula,
Futhi waquleka kancane weza, uthinta umnyango wekamelo lami,
Ukuthi bengiswele bekuqinisekile ukuthi ngikuzwile ”- lapha ngivule kakhulu umnyango; -
Ubumnyama lapho, futhi akukho okunye.

Usizi nokulahlekelwa kugcwele "I-Raven," inkondlo kaPoe ethola umbalisi ongagagulwanga ngegama ehlukunyezwa yiRaven elingena endlini yakhe liphindaphinda i- "Nevermore" kaninginingi.

Egcwaliswe ngemifanekiso nezingathekiso zokuFa, umbalisi uyayeka phakathi kwesifiso sakhe sokuqhubekela phambili ekulahlekelweni uthando ayemthanda kakhulu, uLenore, kanye nesifiso sakhe esibi sokubambelela kukho konke ayekuye. Sonke besikhona, akunjalo? Kukhona ukwesaba okungapheli okunamathela enkondlweni, kukhula kuze kube sekupheleni kwayo njengoba indoda ikwamukela iqiniso lokuthi iRaven, nosizi lwayo, kungenzeka lungaphinde lushiye.

# 9 "Ligeia"

Futhi, impela, uma kwenzeka lowo moya osihloko sithi Romance-uma kwenzeka yena, wan no-Ashtophet onamaphiko anephutha waseGibhithe elikhonza izithixo, wengamela, njengoba besho, phezu kwemishado engenamazwi, khona-ke impela wayengamela owami.

Enye indaba yokuthanda ngokweqile nokulahlekelwa, i- "Ligeia" inganekwane yowesifazane onobuhle obungajwayelekile lowo umbalisi ayemthanda kakhulu, yize engaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi waba kanjani empilweni yakhe, futhi akakwazi nokukhumbula umndeni wakhe igama. Noma kunjalo, wayemthanda waze wagula, waphela amandla, futhi wafa. Kamuva, umbalisi uphinde ashade nowesifazane osemusha ojwayelekile ogula, futhi, awele kancane ebukhoneni obungaziwa obuthathayo.

Ngabe uLigeia wake wahamba ngempela? Le ndaba ibingeyokuqala kukaPoe futhi enye ayibuyekezile futhi wayishicilela kaningi ngesikhathi esaphila. Kwakusendabeni lapho inkondlo ethi "Umnqobi Womnqobi" nayo yazalwa khona, yabhalwa nguLigeia.

# 10 "Impembelelo Yomubi"

Akukho thando emvelweni oluphelelwe yisineke ngokwedemoni, njengalowo, othuthumela onqenqemeni lwentaba, ngaleyondlela azindla ngokuGxuma.

Futhi okunye ukuzindla ngecala nonembeza, "The Imp of the Perverse" kuqala njengendatshana ebhalwe ngumxoxi, incwadi ekhuluma ngokuzilimaza kwesintu. Njengoba indaba iqala ukushintsha, nokho, sifunda ukuthi umbalisi wethu, yena uqobo, ubulale umuntu ngezindlela ezihlakaniphile futhi uvune izinzuzo zokufa kwale ndoda ngefa elikhulu impela.

Lapho umlobi ekhuluma ngokwengeziwe, uya ngokuya akhathazeke kakhulu ngomqondo wokuvuma izono oholela ekuphoqelweni ukwenza lokho kanye. I-Imp of the Perverse yambangela ukuba athathe isinyathelo, manje kufanele akhokhele izono zakhe…

# 11 “Ukungcwatshwa Ngaphambi kwesikhathi”

Imingcele ehlukanisa iMpilo noKufa imnyama kakhulu futhi ayicaci. Ngubani ongasho ukuthi enye iphela kuphi, futhi enye iqala kuphi?

Umcabango wokungcwatshwa uphila uyethusa. Ekhulwini lama-21 amathuba okuba kwenzeke lokhu ama-miniscule, kepha ngawo-1800 kwaba ukwesaba impela. UPoe udlala ngalolo loyiko kahle ku- "The Premature Burial," inganekwane yendoda ethambekele emikhubeni ye-cataleptic emshiya esesimweni esifana nokufa. Uhlala ngokwesaba ukungcwatshwa ephila futhi uchitha izinsuku zakhe ngokweqile ebeka zonke izikhala zokuma ongazicabanga ukuze zikwenze kungenzeki.

Lapho evuka azithole esengene emgodini, amaphupho akhe amabi onke aba ngokoqobo futhi indaba ye-claustrophobic iba yinto esabisa kakhulu.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H86mlOMCA1Q

# 12 "Umgodi ne-Pendulum"

… Usizi lomphefumulo wami luthole ukukhala okukodwa okukhulu, okude nokugcina kokuphelelwa yithemba.

Inganekwane kaPoe yokuqulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki KwaseSpain ifika iphelele nge-pendulum enkulu, ebukhali ecekela phansi isophahleni phezu kwendoda eboshelwe etafuleni. Manje, inganekwane yakhe ibinganembile ngokomlando, kepha angicabangi ukuthi ubefuna kube njalo.

Ku- "The Pit and the Pendulum" Poe wahlanganisa amathalente akhe okukhulumisana nokwesaba okukhona, ukuba necala, nokusinda endabeni esabekayo futhi esabekayo kuze kube yizikhathi zayo zokugcina. Kunesizathu sokuthi lokhu kuvame ukuba sohlwini olufanele lufundwe ngomsebenzi wombhali. UMA ungakafundi, kwenze manje.

# 13 "Ukuwa Kwendlu Ka-Usher"

Awuyizwa? -Ye, ngiyakuzwa, futhi ngikuzwile. Imizuzu emide - ende –imizuzu eminingi, amahora amaningi, izinsuku eziningi, ngiyizwile —kodwa angizange ngibe nesibindi –h, ngihawukele, ngibuhlungu kabi! Angizange ngilinge - angibange ngisakwazi ukukhuluma! Simbeke ethuneni!

Lokhu, kude, enye yezinganekwane eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke zePoe, futhi enye igxila kakhulu kumatimu wokuzihlukanisa nomndeni kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo.

Umbalisi ugijimela ekusizeni umngane wakhe uRoderick ukuthola ifa lomndeni eliwayo eduze kwakhe. Kuhanjisiwe kepha yini futhi ngobani futhi kuzokwenzekani uma izindonga ziwa?

Kube enye yezintandokazi zami selokhu ngaqala ukuyifunda, futhi sengibuyele kuyo kaninginingi kuyo yonke le minyaka.